chessfriend/board/src/square.rs

// Eryn Wells <eryn@erynwells.me>

use std::{fmt, str::FromStr};

pub enum Direction {
    North,
    NorthWest,
    West,
    SouthWest,
    South,
    SouthEast,
    East,
    NorthEast,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct ParseFileError;

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct ParseSquareError;

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct SquareOutOfBoundsError;

macro_rules! coordinate_enum {
    ($name: ident, $($variant:ident),*) => {
        #[repr(u8)]
        #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, Hash, Ord, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
        pub enum $name {
            $($variant), *
        }

        impl $name {
            pub const NUM: usize = [$(Self::$variant), *].len();
            pub const ALL: [Self; Self::NUM] = [$(Self::$variant), *];

            #[inline]
            pub(crate) fn from_index(index: usize) -> Self {
                assert!(
                    index < Self::NUM,
                    "Index {} out of bounds for {}.",
                    index,
                    stringify!($name)
                );
                Self::try_index(index).unwrap()
            }

            pub fn try_index(index: usize) -> Option<Self> {
                $(
                    #[allow(non_upper_case_globals)]
                    const $variant: usize = $name::$variant as usize;
                )*

                #[allow(non_upper_case_globals)]
                match index {
                    $($variant => Some($name::$variant),)*
                    _ => None,
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

#[rustfmt::skip]
coordinate_enum!(Rank,
    One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, Seven, Eight
);

#[rustfmt::skip]
coordinate_enum!(File,
    A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H
);

#[rustfmt::skip]
coordinate_enum!(Square,
    A1, B1, C1, D1, E1, F1, G1, H1,
    A2, B2, C2, D2, E2, F2, G2, H2,
    A3, B3, C3, D3, E3, F3, G3, H3,
    A4, B4, C4, D4, E4, F4, G4, H4,
    A5, B5, C5, D5, E5, F5, G5, H5,
    A6, B6, C6, D6, E6, F6, G6, H6,
    A7, B7, C7, D7, E7, F7, G7, H7,
    A8, B8, C8, D8, E8, F8, G8, H8
);

impl Into<char> for File {
    fn into(self) -> char {
        ('a' as u8 + self as u8) as char
    }
}

impl TryFrom<char> for File {
    type Error = ParseFileError;

    fn try_from(value: char) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        let lowercase_value = value.to_ascii_lowercase();
        for file in File::ALL.iter() {
            if lowercase_value == (*file).into() {
                return Ok(*file);
            }
        }

        Err(ParseFileError)
    }
}

impl fmt::Display for File {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "{}", Into::<char>::into(*self).to_uppercase())
    }
}

impl Into<char> for Rank {
    fn into(self) -> char {
        ('1' as u8 + self as u8) as char
    }
}

impl TryFrom<char> for Rank {
    type Error = ParseFileError;

    fn try_from(value: char) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        let lowercase_value = value.to_ascii_lowercase();
        for rank in Self::ALL.iter().cloned() {
            if lowercase_value == rank.into() {
                return Ok(rank);
            }
        }

        Err(ParseFileError)
    }
}

impl fmt::Display for Rank {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "{}", Into::<char>::into(*self))
    }
}

impl Square {
    #[inline]
    pub fn from_file_rank(file: File, rank: Rank) -> Square {
        Self::from_index((rank as usize) << 3 | file as usize)
    }

    #[inline]
    pub fn file(self) -> File {
        File::from_index(self as usize & 0b000111)
    }

    #[inline]
    pub fn rank(self) -> Rank {
        Rank::from_index(self as usize >> 3)
    }
}

impl Square {
    pub(crate) const KING_STARTING_SQUARES: [Square; 2] = [Square::E1, Square::E8];
    pub(crate) const KING_CASTLE_TARGET_SQUARES: [[Square; 2]; 2] =
        [[Square::C1, Square::G1], [Square::C8, Square::G8]];

    pub fn from_algebraic_str(s: &str) -> Result<Square, ParseSquareError> {
        s.parse()
    }

    pub fn neighbor(self, direction: Direction) -> Option<Square> {
        match direction {
            Direction::North => Square::try_index(self as usize + 8),
            Direction::NorthWest => {
                if self.rank() != Rank::Eight {
                    Square::try_index(self as usize + 7)
                } else {
                    None
                }
            }
            Direction::West => {
                if self.file() != File::A {
                    Square::try_index(self as usize - 1)
                } else {
                    None
                }
            }
            Direction::SouthWest => {
                if self.rank() != Rank::One {
                    Square::try_index(self as usize - 9)
                } else {
                    None
                }
            }
            Direction::South => {
                if self.rank() != Rank::One {
                    Square::try_index(self as usize - 8)
                } else {
                    None
                }
            }
            Direction::SouthEast => {
                if self.rank() != Rank::One {
                    Square::try_index(self as usize - 7)
                } else {
                    None
                }
            }
            Direction::East => {
                if self.file() != File::H {
                    Square::try_index(self as usize + 1)
                } else {
                    None
                }
            }
            Direction::NorthEast => Square::try_index(self as usize + 9),
        }
    }
}

impl FromStr for Square {
    type Err = ParseSquareError;

    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
        let mut chars = s.chars();

        let file: File = chars
            .next()
            .and_then(|c| c.try_into().ok())
            .ok_or(ParseSquareError)?;

        let rank: Rank = chars
            .next()
            .and_then(|c| c.try_into().ok())
            .ok_or(ParseSquareError)?;

        if !chars.next().is_none() {
            return Err(ParseSquareError);
        }

        Ok(Square::from_file_rank(file, rank))
    }
}

macro_rules! try_from_integer {
    ($int_type:ident) => {
        impl TryFrom<$int_type> for Square {
            type Error = SquareOutOfBoundsError;

            fn try_from(value: $int_type) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
                Square::try_index(value as usize).ok_or(SquareOutOfBoundsError)
            }
        }
    };
}

try_from_integer!(u8);
try_from_integer!(u16);
try_from_integer!(u32);
try_from_integer!(u64);

impl fmt::Display for Square {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        write!(
            f,
            "{}{}",
            ('a' as u8 + self.file() as u8) as char,
            self.rank() as usize + 1
        )
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn good_algebraic_input() {
        let sq = Square::from_algebraic_str("a4").expect("Failed to parse 'a4' square");
        assert_eq!(sq.file(), File::A);
        assert_eq!(sq.rank(), Rank::Four);

        let sq = Square::from_algebraic_str("B8").expect("Failed to parse 'B8' square");
        assert_eq!(sq.file(), File::B);
        assert_eq!(sq.rank(), Rank::Eight);

        let sq = Square::from_algebraic_str("e4").expect("Failed to parse 'B8' square");
        assert_eq!(sq.file(), File::E);
        assert_eq!(sq.rank(), Rank::Four);
    }

    #[test]
    fn bad_algebraic_input() {
        Square::from_algebraic_str("a0").expect_err("Got valid Square for 'a0'");
        Square::from_algebraic_str("j3").expect_err("Got valid Square for 'j3'");
        Square::from_algebraic_str("a11").expect_err("Got valid Square for 'a11'");
        Square::from_algebraic_str("b-1").expect_err("Got valid Square for 'b-1'");
        Square::from_algebraic_str("a 1").expect_err("Got valid Square for 'a 1'");
        Square::from_algebraic_str("").expect_err("Got valid Square for ''");
    }

    #[test]
    fn from_index() {
        let sq = Square::try_index(4).expect("Unable to get Square from index");
        assert_eq!(sq.file(), File::E);
        assert_eq!(sq.rank(), Rank::One);

        let sq = Square::try_index(28).expect("Unable to get Square from index");
        assert_eq!(sq.file(), File::E);
        assert_eq!(sq.rank(), Rank::Four);
    }

    #[test]
    fn valid_neighbors() {
        let sq = Square::E4;

        assert_eq!(sq.neighbor(Direction::North), Some(Square::E5));
        assert_eq!(sq.neighbor(Direction::NorthEast), Some(Square::F5));
        assert_eq!(sq.neighbor(Direction::East), Some(Square::F4));
        assert_eq!(sq.neighbor(Direction::SouthEast), Some(Square::F3));
        assert_eq!(sq.neighbor(Direction::South), Some(Square::E3));
        assert_eq!(sq.neighbor(Direction::SouthWest), Some(Square::D3));
        assert_eq!(sq.neighbor(Direction::West), Some(Square::D4));
        assert_eq!(sq.neighbor(Direction::NorthWest), Some(Square::D5));
    }

    #[test]
    fn invalid_neighbors() {
        let sq = Square::A1;
        assert!(sq.neighbor(Direction::West).is_none());
        assert!(sq.neighbor(Direction::SouthWest).is_none());
        assert!(sq.neighbor(Direction::South).is_none());

        let sq = Square::H1;
        assert!(sq.neighbor(Direction::East).is_none());
        assert!(sq.neighbor(Direction::SouthEast).is_none());
        assert!(sq.neighbor(Direction::South).is_none());

        let sq = Square::A8;
        assert!(sq.neighbor(Direction::North).is_none());
        assert!(sq.neighbor(Direction::NorthWest).is_none());
        assert!(sq.neighbor(Direction::West).is_none());

        let sq = Square::H8;
        assert!(sq.neighbor(Direction::North).is_none());
        assert!(sq.neighbor(Direction::NorthEast).is_none());
        assert!(sq.neighbor(Direction::East).is_none());
    }

    #[test]
    fn display() {
        assert_eq!(format!("{}", Square::C5), "c5");
        assert_eq!(format!("{}", Square::A1), "a1");
        assert_eq!(format!("{}", Square::H8), "h8");
    }
}